Etiology, Pathophysiology, Histopathology, and Diagnosis of Seminoma
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53089/medula.v13i2.570Keywords:
seminoma; etiology; pathophysiology; histopathology; diagnosisAbstract
Seminoma is the most common malignant germ cell tumor of the testes. This disease can also occur in the mediastinum, retroperitoneum, or other extra gonads. This cancer often occurs in the age group of 15 to 35 years. Further knowledge regarding the etiology, pathophysiology, histopathology, and diagnosis of seminomas are needed to prevent and slow disease progression. Literature collection was carried out with inclusion criteria in the form of maximum published literature in 2000 and above. Meanwhile, the exclusion criteria were literatures published in 1999 and below. In this study, results were obtained regarding the suspected etiology of seminoma, which is related to estrogenic and/or antiandrogenic activity. The pathophysiology of seminoma is thought to appear from the proliferation of immature spermatogonia and histopathologically visible diffuse pale cell arrangement disrupted by fibrovascular septa containing lymphocytes. The diagnosis of seminoma can be done by exploring patient’s history, physical examination, and imaging examinations, such as testicular ultrasound, CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis, CT scan of the chest and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan to see whether there are metastases.
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