Predictors For Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) Complications In Pediatric Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) Patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53089/medula.v10i1.42Keywords:
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS), PediatricAbstract
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) are tropical infectious diseases prevalent in tropical, subtropical and temperate climate countries, complications of DHF that leads to Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) may have drastic implications towards the mortality of pediatric patients. Ongoing assessment is still proceeding on Risk factors for the patient’s progression to DSS and there are several predictors utilized on patient follow-up that may indicate high risk of clinical symptom progression to DSS. Several predictors are identified to be the female gender, age between 6-10 years, hepatomegaly, late clinical management, heavy plasma leakage, obesity, spontaneous bleeding, gastrointestinal bleeding and presentations of ascites and pleural effusion. Several lab examinations include leucopenia, prolonged aPTT, low platelet count, thrombocytopenia, hematocrit of ≥ 40, low lipid profile, hypoalbuminemia, hypoproteinemia. There are also other predictors identified such as high Troponin T levels, NS1Ag expression, NK and NKT gene expression, elevated Vitamin D levels, Fatty acid levels. high sTM levels, elevated Chymase enzyme serum levels and elevated lactate serum levels. The usage of machine learning and algorithms may also prove useful in predicting DSS complications through pattern identification. There is a wide array of current and new methodologies to predict DHF progression to DSS, and further review analysis may be needed to determine concrete indicators for predicting DHF progression to DSS. Newer methods may prove useful, and would need further testing to ensure its capabilities on predicting DSS.
References
WHO, Dengue and Severe Dengue [internet]. Geneva: WHO; 2019 [cited 21 February 2019]. Available from: https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue
Porecha M. dna impact: Help pours in for 9-month-old dengue shock syndrome patient. DNA [Internet]. 2015 [cited 14 September 2019];. Available from: https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-dna-impact-help-pours-in-for-9-month-old-dengue-shock-syndrome-patient-2054381
Guzman MG, Halstead SB, Artsob H, Buchy P, Farrar J, Gubler DJ, et al. Dengue: a continuing global threat. Nat Rev Microbiol 2010, 8:S7–16.
L'Azou M, Moureau A, Sarti E, Nealon J, Zambrano B, Wartel TA, et al. Symptomatic Dengue in Children in 10 Asian and latin American Countries. N Engl J Med. 2016;374:1155-1166.
World Health Organization. Clinical Management and Delivery of Clinical Services. In: WHO. Dengue: Guidelines for Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Control: New Edition. Geneva: WHO. 2009. hlm 23-56.
World Health Organization. Global strategy for dengue prevention and control 2012–2020. World Health Organization; 2012.
Martinez-Torres E, Polanco-Anaya AC, Pleites-Sandoval EB. Why and how children with dengue die? Revista cubana de medicina tropical. 2008;60(1):40–47.
Rajapakse S. Dengue Shock. J Emerg Trauma Shock [internet]. 2011 [cited 30 August 2019]; 4(1): 120–127. Available from: doi: 10.4103/0974-2700.76835
Ross TM: Dengue virus. Clin Lab Med. 2010; 30:149–160.
Saniathi NK, Rianto BU, Juffrie M, et al. The effect of overnutrition toward the risk of dengue shock syndrome in pediatric patient: in-depth investigation of Svcam-1 and adiponectin level. Bali Med J. 2018; 7(1):244-248.
Zulkipli MS, Dahlui M, Jamil N, Peramalah D, Wai VHC, Bulgiba A, et al. The association between obesity and dengue severity among pediatric patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2018; 12(2).
Widiyati MM, Laksanawati IS, Prawirohartono EP. Obesity as a risk factor for dengue shock syndrome in children. Paediatrica Indonesiana. 2013; 53(4):187-192.
Wei HY, Shu PY, Hung MN. Characteristics and Risk Factors for Fatality in Patients with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Taiwan, 2014. Am J. Trop Med Hyg. 2016;95(2):322-327.
Lee IK, Hsieh CJ, Lee CT, Liu JW. Diabetic patients suffering dengue are at risk for development of dengue shock syndrome/severe dengue: Emphasizing the impacts of co-existing comorbidity(ies) and glycemic control on dengue severity. J Microbiol Immunol [internet]. 2018 [cited 28 August 2019]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2017.12.005
Anders KL, Nguyet NM, Chau NV, et al. Epidemiological Factors Associated with Dengue Shock Syndrome and Mortality in Hospitalized Dengue Patients in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011; 84(1):127-134.
Lam PK, Ngoc TV, Thus TT, Van NT, Thuy TT, Tam DT, et al. The value of daily platelet counts for predicting dengue shock syndrome: Results from a prospective observational study of 2301 Vietnamese children with dengue. PLoS Negl Trop Dis [internet]. 2017 [cited 20 February 2019]; 11(4): e0005498. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005498
Lam PK, Hoai Tam DT, Dung NM, Hanh Tien NT, Thanh Kiet NT, Simmons C, et al. A Prognostic Model for Development of Profound Shock among Children Presenting with Dengue Shock Syndrome. PLoS ONE. 2015 [cited 21 February 2019]; 10(5): e0126134. Available from : https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0126134
Gorp CMVE, Suharti C, Mairuhu ATA, Dolmans WMV, Ven JVD, Demacker PNM, et al. Changes in the Plasma Lipid Profile as a Potential Predictor of Clinical Outcome in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever. Clin Infect Dis April 2002;34(8):1150–1153.
Iskandar B, Juherinah, Daud D, Febriani ADB. The Levels of Troponin T in Patients with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever. Am J Clin Exp Med. 2015;3(4):149-153.
Gupta V, Yadav TP, Pandey RM, Singh A, Gupta M, Kanaujiya P. Risk Factors of Dengue Shock Syndrome in Children. J Trop Pediatr. 2011;57:451‑457.
Huy NT, Giang TW, Thuy DH, et al. Factors Associated with Dengue Shock Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013; 7(9): 2-15.
Khan MI, Anwar E, Agha A, et al. Factors Predicting Severe Dengue in Patients with Dengue Fever. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis [internet]. 2013; 5(1): e2013014, DOI: 10.4084/MJHID.2013.014
Ramabhatta S, Palaniappan S, Hanumantharayappa N, Begum SV. The Clinical and Serological Profile of Pediatric Dengue. Indian J Pediatr ;84(12) :897-901.
Pothapregada S, Kamalakannan B, Thulasingham M. Risk factors for shock in children with dengue fever. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2015; 19:661-4.
Joob B, Wiwanitkit V. Risk factors for shock in dengue fever. IJCCM 2016; 20(2)77-78
Pongpan S, Wisitwong A, Tawichasri C, et al. Development of Dengue Infection Severity Score. Hindawi ISRN Ped [internet]. 2013 [cited 25 February 2019]; Article ID 845876. Available in: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/845876
Her Z, Kam YW, Gan VC, et al. Severity of Plasma Leakage Is Associated With High Levels of Interferon γ–Inducible Protein 10, Hepatocyte Growth Factor, Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), and MMP-9 During Dengue Virus Infection. J Infect Dis 2017; 215:42-51.
Robinson M, Sweeny TE, Barouch-Bentov R, et al. 20-Gene Set Predictive of Progression to Severe Dengue. Cell Reports 2019; 26:1104-1111.
Villamor E, Villar LA, Lozano A, Herrera VM and Herrán OF. Vitamin D serostatus and dengue fever progression to dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome. Epidemiology and Infection. Cambridge University Press. 2017; 145(14):2961-70.
Villamor E, Villar LA, Lozano-Parra A, Herrera VM. Serum fatty acids and progression from dengue fever to haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome. Brit J Nutr. 2018; 120(8):787-96.
Butthep P, Chunhakan S, Tangnararatchakit K, Yoksan S, Pattanapanyasat K, Chuansumrit A. Elevated Thrombomodulin in the Febrile Stage Related to Patients at Risk for Dengue Shock Syndrome. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2006; 25(10):894-897
Tissera H, Rathore APS, Leong WY, Pike BL, Warkentien TE, Farouk FS, et al. Chymase Level Is a Predictive Biomarker of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Pediatric and Adult Patients. J Infect Dis. 2017; 9(1):1112-1121
Sirikutt P, Kalayanarooj S. Serum lactate and lactate dehydrogenase as parameters for the prediction of dengue severity. J Med Assoc Thai. 2014; 97(6):220-31.
Delia BB, Flobbe K, Xuan C, Phuong T, Day NPJ, Phuong PT, et al. Pathophysiologic and Prognostic Role of Cytokines in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever. J Infect Dis. 1998; 177(3):778-782.
Gleicy MH, Nobre FF, Brasil P. Characterization of clinical patterns of dengue patients using an unsupervised machine learning approach. BMC Infect Dis [internet]. 2019 [cited 20 October 2019]. 2019: 649. Available in: https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12879-019-4282-y
Park S, Srikiatkhachorn A, Kalayanarooj S, Macareo L, Green S, Friedman JF, et al. Use of structural equation models to predict dengue illness phenotype. PLoS Negl Trop Dis [internet]. 2018 [cited 21 October 2019]. 2018: 12(10): E0006799. Available in: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006799
Simmons CP, Farrar JJ, Nguyen van VC, Wills B. Dengue. N Engl J Med. 2012; 366:1423–32.
Lovera D, de Cuellar CM, Araya S, Amarilla S, Gonzalez N, Carlos A, et al. Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Dengue Shock Syndrome in Children. PIDJ. 2016;35(12):1294-99.
Ullah R, Khan RN, Ghafar T, Naz S. Frequency of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome in Dengue Fever. JSMC. 2018; 8(1):30-33
Alejandria M. Dengue haemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome in children. BMJ Clin Evid [internet]. 2015 [cited 28 Augustus 2019]. 2015: 0917. Available in: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4392842/
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 MEDULA
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.