Acute Frontal Sinusitis: Literature Review

Abstract

Acute sinusitis is one of the main diagnoses made in outpatient medicine. The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) estimates that 20 million cases of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) occur each year. Human rhinoviruses are involved in 50% of cases, but other viruses may include coronaviruses, influenza, parainfluenza, respiratory synchrony viruses, adenoviruses, and enteroviruses. The incidence of acute frontal sinusitis is typically much lower, being less common than maxillary sinusitis in adults and ethmoid sinusitis in children. AFS is most common in teenage boys and young men. The main predisposing factor for ARS is a previous upper respiratory tract viral infection. Approximately 0.5-2% of upper respiratory viral infections are complicated by acute bacterial infections. The incidence of ARS is higher in the winter months, in humid climates, and in cities with significant air pollution. Although acute frontal sinusitis is largely a self-limited disease, complications from acute frontal sinusitis can have disastrous clinical consequences if not detected promptly. This article aims to find out the latest updates regarding Acute Frontal Sinus. The type of review used in this journal is in the form of a literature review of 40 articles found through the NCBI, PubMed, Google Scholar databases, only 14 articles were selected. The results of this article are to explain the latest updates regarding epidemiology, virology, clinical symptoms, diagnosis, management, and risk factors for acute frontal sinus.