Holistic Management of Child Pulmonary Tuberculosis through a Family Doctor Approach at the Natar Health Center

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a direct infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Based on WHO Global TB Report data for 2020, 10 million people in the world suffer from TB and cause 1.2 million people to die each year. Indonesia is one of the countries with the third highest number of TB cases in the world. Cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in children in Indonesia will increase in 2021. Application of evidence-based medicine-based family doctor services to patients and management based on a patient problem-solving framework using a patient-centered, family-focused, and community-oriented approach. This study is a case report study. Primary data were obtained through alloanamnesis, physical examination, home visits to complete family and psychosocial data, as well as the environment. Assessment based on a holistic diagnosis from the beginning, process and end of the study was carried out quantitatively and qualitatively. Patient An. M aged 1 year 9 months came to take the fourth Anti Tuberculosis Drug (ATD) after being diagnosed with pulmonary TB. The lifestyle of the patient and family, as well as the knowledge of the patient's family about the disease is still lacking. After the intervention, there was an increase in understanding of the disease which was assessed through the pretest and posttest as well as an improvement in behavior. After intervening in patients based on problems identified through a family medicine approach, improvements in family knowledge related to disease were obtained, as well as improvements in health behavior in patients and families.