Diabetes Mellitus induced Anti Psychotic in Schizophrenia Patient
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53089/medula.v10i4.121Keywords:
Antipsychotic, Diabetes Mellitus, Effect, SchizophreniaAbstract
Schizophrenia is a mental illness with complex pathophysiology and covers various aspects such as behavioral, nerve, perception, and senses that can affect social life even disfunction at work. Schizophrenia requires a long-term treatment with anti-psychotic. The use of antipsychotics among adults and older has increased. Recent information regarding the use of antipsychotics in schizophrenic patients is associated with risk factors of cardiovascular and metabolic syndrome such as obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, low HDL levels and high triglyceride levels. Diabetes mellitus is a syndrome of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia either because the body does not produce enough insulin or because the cells do not respond to the insulin that has been produced. The numbers of type 2 diabetes mellitus is estimated to be two to three times higher in people with schizophrenia than in the general population, with a prevalence of 10% to 15%. The risk of diabetes is caused by antipsychotics which cause chronic effects of weight gain and systemic inflammation that will lead to insulin resistance, the direct effect of antipsychotic drugs on insulin action and drug-induced apoptosis of pancreatic beta cells. This article is a literature study to discuss the effects of using antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenic patients who have a role in the development of diabetes mellitus, direct and indirect effect of antipsychotics on the incidence of diabetes mellitus.
References
Gupta A, Dadheech G, Yadav D. Metabolic Issues in Schizophrenic Patients Receiving Antipsychotic Treatment. Ind J Clin Biochem. 2014; 29(2): 196–201.
Zhang Y, Liu Y, Su Y, You Y, Ma Y, Yang G, dkk. The metabolic side effects of 12 antipsychotic drugs used for the treatment of schizophrenia on glucose : a network. BMC Psychiatry. 2017; 17(373): 1–9.
Riordan HJ, Antonini P, & Murphy MF. Atypical Antipsychotics and Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Schizophrenia : Am Health Drug Benefits. 2011; 4(5): 292–302.
Nielsen J, Skadhede S, & Correll CU. Antipsychotics Associated with the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Antipsychotic-Naıve Schizophrenia Patients. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2010; (35): 1997–2004.
Okumura Y, Ito H, Kobayashi M, Mayahara K, Matsumoto Y, & Hirakawa J. Prevalence of diabetes and antipsychotic prescription patterns in patients with schizophrenia : A nationwide retrospective cohort study. Schizophrenia Research. 2010; 119(1–3): 145–152.
Chen J, Huang X, Shao R, Chen C, & Deng C. Molecular Mechanisms of Antipsychotic Drug-Induced Diabetes. 2017; 11(November): 1–12.
Beumer W, Drexhage RC, Wit H De, Versnel MA, Drexhage HA, & Cohen D. Increased level of serum cytokines , chemokines and adipokines in patients with schizophrenia is associated with disease and metabolic syndrome. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2012; 37(12): 1901–1911.
Lipscombe LL Sc M, Linda E L, Gill SS Sc M, Herrmann N, Rochon PA. Antipsychotic Drugs and the Risk of Hyperglycemia in Older Adults Without Diabetes : A Population-Based Observational Study. 2011; (December): 1026–1033.
Nakamura M, Nagamine T. Severe Hyperglycemia Induced by Olanzapine was Improved with a Recovery of Insulin Secretion after Switching to Risperidone and Introducing Insulin Therapy. Internal Medicine. 2010; 49(0): 2635–2637.
Ozasa R, Okada T, Nadanaka S, Nagamine T, Zyryanova A, Harding H, dkk. The Antipsychotic Olanzapine Induces Apoptosis in Insulin-secreting Pancreatic β Cells by Blocking PERK-mediated Translational Attenuation. Cell Structure and Function. 2013; 38(0): 183–195.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 MEDULA
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
